Jointer-guard



P. C. INGSTRUM.

JOINTER GUARD.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I1, I920.

1,394,499, 9 Patented Oct. 18, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

- L K C 20 INVENTOR WITNESSES 12 I :PJzmeasGfiysZram,

9 amm m WV W 1% ATTORNEYS.

PVC. INGSTRUM.

10mm GUARD.

APPLICATION FILED HAY H, 1920.

Patented 0091s, 1921.;

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

vIPHINEAS C. IN GSTRUM, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

JOINTER-GU'ARD.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHINEAS C. INGSTRUM, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in J ointer-Guards, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

My invention relates to safety guards, and more particularlyto guardsfor woodworking machines, being designed to protect the hands of anoperator of the machine; or others, from the cutting knives; and it hasfor its object to provide a guard which is adjustable to various sizedmachines; a further object is to provide a guard which projects aminimum distance from the frame of the machine, both beyond the frontandabove the table thereof. Another object is to provide a guard, theparts of which are made interchangeable and ad uStable relative to eachother, so that parts may be used on machines having long or shortcutting knives. A still further object is to provide a guard which willalways remain in its protective position, covering the cutting kniveswhen the machine is at rest and operating, and one which will cover allof the knives which are not actually cutting the wood when the machineis running, and a still further object is to provide a guard with acombined toggle arm and cam operating device, so that the guard'willmove with very little force applied through the work. To these and'other ends the invention resides in certain improvements andcombinations of parts all as will be hereinafter more fully described,the novel features being pointed out in'the claims at the end of thespecification.

In the drawings, in which like reference characters designate like partsthroughout:

Figure lis a perspective view of a jointer guard constructed inaccordance with and illustrating one embodiment of my invention; r a fFig. 2 is a section through one section of the guard and base of thedevice shown in Fig. 1, showing-how the parts telescope, parts beingomitted for clearness;

Fig. 3 is a detail of the latch used on the same machine for holding thesections in the desired relation; 7

Fig. i is a perspective of anotherembodiment of my invention;

Fig. 5 is side elevation of the guard shown in Fig. 4; i

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. May 11,

Patented Oct. 18, 1921.

1920. Serial No. 380,627.

Fig. 6 is an end elevation showing a base equipped with wide tracks, apart being broken away; and

F 1g. 7 is a bottom plan of the end section of F 1g. 1 on the singlesection of Fig. 4, illustrating the toggle arm which moves the handsfrom these knives there is a guard,

composed of telescoping sections 6, 7 and 8 in the embodiment shown inFig. 1 of the drawings. Sections 6 and 7 are provided with grooves 9 and10 on the outside of clownwardly extending flanges 11 and 12, theseflanges also being provided on the inside with ribs or tracks 13 and 14.Theend section 8 has grooves 9 and 10 on the outside of flanges 11 and12, but the inner tracks are omitted. These sections can slide,therefore, one on the other, so that they are adjustable to vary thelength of the entire guard between wide lim its;

In order to hold the parts in the desired relatlon, so as to move as oneunit, sections 7 and 8 are provided with a series of apertures 10. Theends of sections 6 and 7 are provided with spring latches 4 .1 and 12which are 45 adapted to fit in an aperture 10, as shown in Fig. 3.

Section 6 is mounted upon a base which consists of a casting 13 havingrails or tracks 1% and 15 adapted to enter the slots or grooves 9 and 10of section 6. Casting 18 is provided on one side with an ear 16 whichforms a bearing to slide on a shaft 17, there being a set screw 18tohold the parts in the desired relation. Shaft 17 is supported in atwo-way bearing 19 carriedby a rod QOpermanently attached to thejointer' at 21. A hand wheel 22 is provided in one side of the bearing19 so that the bea'ring may be moved to and from the jointer and easilyadjusted as desired. A second set screw 23' on the bearing makes anadditional vertical adjustment.

'It is obvious that hand wheels or other means may be used to hold theseparts in the desired relation in the place of set screws, if desired. Inlarge guards, as shown in Fig. 1, it'is better to have two supports, soon the opposite side casting 13 is providedv with another ear (notshown) in which a rod 27 ismounted, there being a two-way bearing 29sliding on a rod or shaft 30 affixed to the jointer frame at 31. In thiscase the hand wheel 32 is on the side through which rod 27 passes, andthe set screw 33 holds upon shaft 30. If desired,set screws 18 and thecorresponding one on the otherside, which is not shown, may be set, andscrews 23 and 33 loosened, so that hand wheels 22 and 32 will controlthe vertical and horizontal adjustments of the base. I have foundin'practice that this is sufficient to hold the parts firmly. Casting 13is also provided with a small roller or pulley 50 ,suflicient distancefor the lumber to pass,

see Fig. 5, the end section 8 isprovided on its under side with a togglearm 60, mounted to turn on a pivot. 61 fastened to section 8, and heldin a positionto one side of the guard by a spring 62 attached to thetoggle arm with, a screw 63 and to the guard section 8 with a screw 63.Toggle arm 60 has a cam head 68 on its outer end, curved to form alumber contactingprojection. The downwardly extending flange 12 is cutaway forming an opening 64: through which the toggle arm 60 passes, andalso forming a stop 65, limiting its outward movenient. One end ofsection 8 is cut to form a vcam 66, while the end 67 is flattened whereit rests against the guard 2 on lumber L,

Then a board L to be edged is moved along guard 2, it first strikes thecam head position shown in L is'reached, just beyond which thecam'surfac'e 66 causes the section 8 tomove still farther back (inpraccam head 6,8,allowing toggle arm 60 to return to its initialposition. It should be noted that there is no camming action of board Lupon head 68 until the'guard has been moved back the greater part of thenecessary distance, so that the first part of the rearward movement ofguard 8 is caused by toggle arm 60 rotating and at the same time pushingupon its pivot 61. By making the cam head 68 long, boards ofconsiderable width may be edged without adjusting the guard. This togglearm action against the weight pressure works very smoothly and easily,much more power being obtained throughits' use than when a cam surfacealone isused, so that very little force is necessary to move these partsand, with them, the guard.

Where a long timber is to be edged, it is sometimes desirable to lay theportion to be cut on the knives without running it through the machine,thereby first bringing one end into contact with lever 60. I,therefore,prefer to equip the end section .8 with a cam plate 70 so thatby lowering aplank upon the table 1 against gage 2 the guard 8 will becammed against the weight action.

The-guard may be left normally at a suflicientelevation from the table 1fora board B being planed to pass beneath, or may be adjusted for thispurpose, according to the nature of the work. 7

In Fig. 4 I show my guard adapted for use on the smaller, sizedmachines. Since the base is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 exceptingthat a single support is used, and the guard is the same as. section 8of the guard in Fig. 1, the same reference characters are used.

I contemplate providing a guardwith a series of sections, so that asection, when purchased, may be used for a small guard alone, or as asection of a large one. For this purpose the base or casting 13, ifdesired, may be furnished in one size, with the rails 14 and 15 ofvarious sizes to fit different width sections. Fig. 6 illustrates a base13 with rails 141 and 15.of sullicient width for section 8 of Fig. ,1'toslide as a one-sectionv guard. Any combination desired can, therefore,be made up. 1

All of the guard sections are made with a curved, relatively smoothoutside contour, so as tobeclose to the table lwhen adjusted for edginglumber, and be of as little hin-' drance to the workmen as possible,while at the same time affording the greatest possible protection; thecutter being covered automatically all the time, either by the guard orby the guard and lumber.

Having thus described lily-invention, what I claim as newand desiretosecure by Let- .7 tersPatentis: r two this being only aboutone-siXteenthof-an inch), thereby releasing the pressure on 1. Inmachine having a rotary cutter mounted on a table and projecting througha slot therein, the combination with a guardhaving a cam end andnormally covering the slot, of a toggle pivoted to the the toggle armbeing adapted to move the guard,

guard as the work is fed toward the cutter lnto a position where thework will come in contact with the cam end on the guard.

2. In a machine having a cutter mounted on a table and operating througha slot therein, the combination with aguard normally covering the slot,the guard being slidably mounted relative to the table, a

cam surface on one endof the guard, and a toggle arm pivoted to theguard, the toggle arm moving the guard by rotating about its pivot as itis engaged by work being fed to the cutter, and the guard cam completingthe movement of the guard as the cam is engaged by the work.

3. In a machine having a cutter mounted on a table and projectingthrough a slot therein, the combination with a guard slidably mountedover the slot, and having a cam on its end, of a toggle arm pivoted tothe guard, a spring for holding the toggle arm in one position, thetoggle arm moving the guard a portion of its travel as work is fed tothe cutter, the cam completing the travel of the guard, the toggle armreturning to its initial position as the cam receives the contact of theadvancing work.

t. A knife guard for a jointer machine, comprising a base upon which aguard is slidably mounted, means tending to hold the guard over theknife, a toggle arm pivoted to the guard for moving it against the firstmentioned moving means as work is fed toward the knife, and meanscarried by the guard for completing the movement of the guard started bythe toggle arm.

5. In a machine having a knife mounted on a table and operating througha slot therein, and a work gage on the table, the combination of a guard.adapted to slide over the slot, means for keeping one end of the guardagainst the gage, means for moving the guard from the gage as work isadvanced to the knife comprising a toggle arm pivoted to the guard, andmeans on the guard to space the guard from the gage a distance equal tothe width of the work being advanced to the knife.

6. In a machine having a knife mounted on a table and operating througha slot therein, and a work gage on the table, the combination of a guardadapted to slide over the slot, means for keeping one end of the guardagainst the gage, means for moving the guard from the gage as work isadvanced to the knife comprising a toggle arm pivoted to the guard, thetoggle arm being spring pressed into the path of work bein advanced tothe knife, means on the guard for spacing the toggle arm from the work,thereby allowing the toggle arm. to return, impelled by the spring, intothe path of the next piece of advancing work.

7. In a jointer guard, the combination With a base, a slot in the base,and a knife guard mounted abovethe knife, means for thrusting the guardacross the knife, and a a toggle arm for moving the guard against theguardunoving means, said toggle arm being movable in; one direction by aspring independent of the guard moving means.

8. In a jointer guard, the combination with a base, :aslot in the base,and a knife operating through the slot, of a slidable guard to protectthe knife, means normally tending to hold the guard across the knife, atoggle arm associated with the guard and movable with the guard in onedirection and movable independent of the guard in the other direction.

9. I11 a jointer guard, the combination with a slidable guard mounted ona jointer machine, of a cam upon the end of the guard, a toggle armpivoted to the guard normally extending to one side at an angle from theguard, the toggle arm moving the guard when lumber is brought intocontact therewith until the toggle arm is substan tially parallel to theguard, the guard cam then being contacted by the lumber to move theguard farther, permitting the lumber to ass.

p 10. In a machine having a rotary cutter mounted on atable andprojecting through an opening therein, a guard normally covering theopening, the guard being mounted to slide relative to the table, aweight impelling the guard in one direction, a toggle arm pivoted to theguard having an operative and an inoperative position and having a workcontacting head projecting forwardly from the end of one side of theguard, a spring for holding the guard in operative position,-the guardbeing moved by the toggle arm when work engages the toggle arm, therebyrotating the toggle arm about its pivot into an inoperative position,the guard being engaged by the work and moved thereby so that the springmay return the toggle arm to its operative position.

11. In a machine having a rotary cutter mounted on a table and operatingthrough a slot therein, of a guard normally covering the rotary cutter,agage on the table, a slideway for the guard and means for keeping oneend of the guard in contact with the gage, means for moving the guardfrom the gage, comprising a toggle arm pivoted to the guard extendingnormally at an angu lar relation thereto and projecting from one side ofthe guard near the gage, so that it will contact with work beingadvanced to the cutter across the table.

12. In a machine having a cutter mounted on a table and operatingthrough a slot therein, of a guard movable over the cutter, means forholding, the guardnormally over the cutter, and means for moving theguard against the first mentioned moving means,

i to,the toggle armhaving an operative and an inoperative position withrespect to said cutter and isoontacted with the work concutter.

tactinglhea'd, theangi'llar relation between 10 the guard and toggle armwill decrease as the guard moves. until the toggle arm becomesinoperative by the work passing the Signed at Rochester New York, this7th 15 day o f May, 1920. guard, so that as work is advanced to the VPHINEAS o. INGSTRUM.

